The first Soviet four-wheel-drive car: the GAZ-61 of 1938–45, the GAZ-M1/11-73 Emka saloon and phaeton on a driven front axle with the 3.5-litre GAZ-11 six, built in small numbers as staff cars for Soviet marshals and as the 61-417 anti-tank-gun tractor of 1941.
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Vitaly Grachev’s GAZ-61 of 1938 put a driven front axle and transfer case under the Emka and became the war’s staff car for Zhukov, Konev and Rokossovsky; the 61-417 pick-up towed the 57 mm gun in 1941. About 200 were built before the plant’s bombing ended it.
Research status: draft — identification, dates or figures could not all be pinned down; the summary says what is unresolved.
Catalogue fields describe the vehicle's structure and body as this registry records it. They are not certified factory measurements, and no performance figures are published here.
Body style
Factory colours
Codes on hover. Hex values are representative approximations of period paint unless a source states a measured value.
Registry record updated 2026-09-22 · status: draft
